Which phase of wound healing involves fibroplasia, angiogenesis, and epithelialization?

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Fibroplasia, angiogenesis, and epithelialization occur during the proliferative phase of wound healing. After the initial inflammatory response clears debris and bacteria, fibroblasts migrate into the wound and start producing collagen and other extracellular matrix components, building the scaffold that forms granulation tissue. At the same time, new blood vessels sprout (angiogenesis) to supply the growing tissue with oxygen and nutrients. Epithelial cells from the wound edges proliferate and migrate over the granulation tissue to resurface the wound, restoring the epithelial barrier. Together, these processes fill the wound, form a foundation for strength, and set the stage for later remodeling. This phase typically spans days to a few weeks after injury, preceding the remodeling phase where collagen is realigned and tissue strength increases.