In cattle obstetrics, how is retained placenta defined and what are the initial management steps?

• A. Placenta expelled within 6 hours; monitor cow.
• B. Placenta expelled within 24–48 hours; no intervention needed.
• C. Placenta not expelled within 12–24 hours after calving; monitor high-risk cow, administer oxytocin, and consult a veterinarian for removal if indicated.
• D. Placenta partially expelled; manual removal immediately.

Answer: (C)

Retained placenta in cattle means the placenta hasn’t been expelled within 12–24 hours after calving. The initial management focuses on supporting the cow and encouraging placental separation. Monitor the cow, especially if she has risk factors, administer oxytocin to stimulate uterine contractions and help detach the placenta, and involve a veterinarian to decide if removal is necessary and to perform it safely if needed. Early veterinary input helps prevent complications such as infection or uterine injury, and manual removal is reserved for vet-directed cases.