How do you approach suspected feline lower urinary tract obstruction due to urethral obstruction?

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Relieving an acute urethral obstruction in a cat is an emergency that requires immediate bladder decompression along with stabilization of the patient. The obstruction prevents urine from exiting the bladder, which can quickly lead to bladder injury, reduced kidney perfusion, and dangerous electrolyte disturbances—most notably high potassium that can cause fatal heart rhythms. The priority is to relieve the blockage with catheterization to restore urine flow.

While you relieve the obstruction, simultaneously address dehydration with IV fluids to support perfusion and begin correcting electrolyte imbalances, especially potassium. Analgesia is essential to control severe pain and make the catheterization feasible and humane. Antibiotics are considered if there is evidence of infection or if instrumentation increases infection risk. After relief, monitor urine output closely to assess kidney function and ensure ongoing drainage. Delaying relief, removing the bladder surgically, or skipping analgesia would worsen outcomes and is not appropriate.